001/*
002 * Copyright (c) 2000 World Wide Web Consortium,
003 * (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institut National de
004 * Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique, Keio University). All
005 * Rights Reserved. This program is distributed under the W3C's Software
006 * Intellectual Property License. This program is distributed in the
007 * hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
008 * the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
009 * PURPOSE.
010 * See W3C License http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ for more details.
011 */
012
013package org.w3c.dom;
014
015/**
016 * The <code>Document</code> interface represents the entire HTML or XML 
017 * document. Conceptually, it is the root of the document tree, and provides 
018 * the primary access to the document's data.
019 * <p>Since elements, text nodes, comments, processing instructions, etc. 
020 * cannot exist outside the context of a <code>Document</code>, the 
021 * <code>Document</code> interface also contains the factory methods needed 
022 * to create these objects. The <code>Node</code> objects created have a 
023 * <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute which associates them with the 
024 * <code>Document</code> within whose context they were created.
025 * <p>See also the <a href='http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113'>Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Core Specification</a>.
026 */
027public interface Document extends Node {
028    /**
029     * The Document Type Declaration (see <code>DocumentType</code>) 
030     * associated with this document. For HTML documents as well as XML 
031     * documents without a document type declaration this returns 
032     * <code>null</code>. The DOM Level 2 does not support editing the 
033     * Document Type Declaration. <code>docType</code> cannot be altered in 
034     * any way, including through the use of methods inherited from the 
035     * <code>Node</code> interface, such as <code>insertNode</code> or 
036     * <code>removeNode</code>.
037     */
038    public DocumentType getDoctype();
039
040    /**
041     * The <code>DOMImplementation</code> object that handles this document. A 
042     * DOM application may use objects from multiple implementations.
043     */
044    public DOMImplementation getImplementation();
045
046    /**
047     * This is a convenience attribute that allows direct access to the child 
048     * node that is the root element of the document. For HTML documents, 
049     * this is the element with the tagName "HTML".
050     */
051    public Element getDocumentElement();
052
053    /**
054     * Creates an element of the type specified. Note that the instance 
055     * returned implements the <code>Element</code> interface, so attributes 
056     * can be specified directly on the returned object.
057     * <br>In addition, if there are known attributes with default values, 
058     * <code>Attr</code> nodes representing them are automatically created 
059     * and attached to the element.
060     * <br>To create an element with a qualified name and namespace URI, use 
061     * the <code>createElementNS</code> method.
062     * @param tagNameThe name of the element type to instantiate. For XML, 
063     *   this is case-sensitive. For HTML, the <code>tagName</code> 
064     *   parameter may be provided in any case, but it must be mapped to the 
065     *   canonical uppercase form by the DOM implementation. 
066     * @return A new <code>Element</code> object with the 
067     *   <code>nodeName</code> attribute set to <code>tagName</code>, and 
068     *   <code>localName</code>, <code>prefix</code>, and 
069     *   <code>namespaceURI</code> set to <code>null</code>.
070     * @exception DOMException
071     *   INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified name contains an 
072     *   illegal character.
073     */
074    public Element createElement(String tagName)
075                                 throws DOMException;
076
077    /**
078     * Creates an empty <code>DocumentFragment</code> object. 
079     * @return A new <code>DocumentFragment</code>.
080     */
081    public DocumentFragment createDocumentFragment();
082
083    /**
084     * Creates a <code>Text</code> node given the specified string.
085     * @param dataThe data for the node.
086     * @return The new <code>Text</code> object.
087     */
088    public Text createTextNode(String data);
089
090    /**
091     * Creates a <code>Comment</code> node given the specified string.
092     * @param dataThe data for the node.
093     * @return The new <code>Comment</code> object.
094     */
095    public Comment createComment(String data);
096
097    /**
098     * Creates a <code>CDATASection</code> node whose value is the specified 
099     * string.
100     * @param dataThe data for the <code>CDATASection</code> contents.
101     * @return The new <code>CDATASection</code> object.
102     * @exception DOMException
103     *   NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR: Raised if this document is an HTML document.
104     */
105    public CDATASection createCDATASection(String data)
106                                           throws DOMException;
107
108    /**
109     * Creates a <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node given the specified 
110     * name and data strings.
111     * @param targetThe target part of the processing instruction.
112     * @param dataThe data for the node.
113     * @return The new <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> object.
114     * @exception DOMException
115     *   INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified target contains an 
116     *   illegal character.
117     *   <br>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR: Raised if this document is an HTML document.
118     */
119    public ProcessingInstruction createProcessingInstruction(String target, 
120                                                             String data)
121                                                             throws DOMException;
122
123    /**
124     * Creates an <code>Attr</code> of the given name. Note that the 
125     * <code>Attr</code> instance can then be set on an <code>Element</code> 
126     * using the <code>setAttributeNode</code> method. 
127     * <br>To create an attribute with a qualified name and namespace URI, use 
128     * the <code>createAttributeNS</code> method.
129     * @param nameThe name of the attribute.
130     * @return A new <code>Attr</code> object with the <code>nodeName</code> 
131     *   attribute set to <code>name</code>, and <code>localName</code>, 
132     *   <code>prefix</code>, and <code>namespaceURI</code> set to 
133     *   <code>null</code>. The value of the attribute is the empty string.
134     * @exception DOMException
135     *   INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified name contains an 
136     *   illegal character.
137     */
138    public Attr createAttribute(String name)
139                                throws DOMException;
140
141    /**
142     * Creates an <code>EntityReference</code> object. In addition, if the 
143     * referenced entity is known, the child list of the 
144     * <code>EntityReference</code> node is made the same as that of the 
145     * corresponding <code>Entity</code> node.If any descendant of the 
146     * <code>Entity</code> node has an unbound namespace prefix, the 
147     * corresponding descendant of the created <code>EntityReference</code> 
148     * node is also unbound; (its <code>namespaceURI</code> is 
149     * <code>null</code>). The DOM Level 2 does not support any mechanism to 
150     * resolve namespace prefixes.
151     * @param nameThe name of the entity to reference. 
152     * @return The new <code>EntityReference</code> object.
153     * @exception DOMException
154     *   INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified name contains an 
155     *   illegal character.
156     *   <br>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR: Raised if this document is an HTML document.
157     */
158    public EntityReference createEntityReference(String name)
159                                                 throws DOMException;
160
161    /**
162     * Returns a <code>NodeList</code> of all the <code>Elements</code> with a 
163     * given tag name in the order in which they are encountered in a 
164     * preorder traversal of the <code>Document</code> tree. 
165     * @param tagnameThe name of the tag to match on. The special value "*" 
166     *   matches all tags.
167     * @return A new <code>NodeList</code> object containing all the matched 
168     *   <code>Elements</code>.
169     */
170    public NodeList getElementsByTagName(String tagname);
171
172    /**
173     * Imports a node from another document to this document. The returned 
174     * node has no parent; (<code>parentNode</code> is <code>null</code>). 
175     * The source node is not altered or removed from the original document; 
176     * this method creates a new copy of the source node.
177     * <br>For all nodes, importing a node creates a node object owned by the 
178     * importing document, with attribute values identical to the source 
179     * node's <code>nodeName</code> and <code>nodeType</code>, plus the 
180     * attributes related to namespaces (<code>prefix</code>, 
181     * <code>localName</code>, and <code>namespaceURI</code>). As in the 
182     * <code>cloneNode</code> operation on a <code>Node</code>, the source 
183     * node is not altered.
184     * <br>Additional information is copied as appropriate to the 
185     * <code>nodeType</code>, attempting to mirror the behavior expected if 
186     * a fragment of XML or HTML source was copied from one document to 
187     * another, recognizing that the two documents may have different DTDs 
188     * in the XML case. The following list describes the specifics for each 
189     * type of node. 
190     * <dl>
191     * <dt>ATTRIBUTE_NODE</dt>
192     * <dd>The <code>ownerElement</code> attribute 
193     * is set to <code>null</code> and the <code>specified</code> flag is 
194     * set to <code>true</code> on the generated <code>Attr</code>. The 
195     * descendants of the source <code>Attr</code> are recursively imported 
196     * and the resulting nodes reassembled to form the corresponding subtree.
197     * Note that the <code>deep</code> parameter has no effect on 
198     * <code>Attr</code> nodes; they always carry their children with them 
199     * when imported.</dd>
200     * <dt>DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE</dt>
201     * <dd>If the <code>deep</code> option 
202     * was set to <code>true</code>, the descendants of the source element 
203     * are recursively imported and the resulting nodes reassembled to form 
204     * the corresponding subtree. Otherwise, this simply generates an empty 
205     * <code>DocumentFragment</code>.</dd>
206     * <dt>DOCUMENT_NODE</dt>
207     * <dd><code>Document</code> 
208     * nodes cannot be imported.</dd>
209     * <dt>DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE</dt>
210     * <dd><code>DocumentType</code> 
211     * nodes cannot be imported.</dd>
212     * <dt>ELEMENT_NODE</dt>
213     * <dd>Specified attribute nodes of the 
214     * source element are imported, and the generated <code>Attr</code> 
215     * nodes are attached to the generated <code>Element</code>. Default 
216     * attributes are not copied, though if the document being imported into 
217     * defines default attributes for this element name, those are assigned. 
218     * If the <code>importNode</code> <code>deep</code> parameter was set to 
219     * <code>true</code>, the descendants of the source element are 
220     * recursively imported and the resulting nodes reassembled to form the 
221     * corresponding subtree.</dd>
222     * <dt>ENTITY_NODE</dt>
223     * <dd><code>Entity</code> nodes can be 
224     * imported, however in the current release of the DOM the 
225     * <code>DocumentType</code> is readonly. Ability to add these imported 
226     * nodes to a <code>DocumentType</code> will be considered for addition 
227     * to a future release of the DOM.On import, the <code>publicId</code>, 
228     * <code>systemId</code>, and <code>notationName</code> attributes are 
229     * copied. If a <code>deep</code> import is requested, the descendants 
230     * of the the source <code>Entity</code> are recursively imported and 
231     * the resulting nodes reassembled to form the corresponding subtree.</dd>
232     * <dt>
233     * ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE</dt>
234     * <dd>Only the <code>EntityReference</code> itself is 
235     * copied, even if a <code>deep</code> import is requested, since the 
236     * source and destination documents might have defined the entity 
237     * differently. If the document being imported into provides a 
238     * definition for this entity name, its value is assigned.</dd>
239     * <dt>NOTATION_NODE</dt>
240     * <dd>
241     * <code>Notation</code> nodes can be imported, however in the current 
242     * release of the DOM the <code>DocumentType</code> is readonly. Ability 
243     * to add these imported nodes to a <code>DocumentType</code> will be 
244     * considered for addition to a future release of the DOM.On import, the 
245     * <code>publicId</code> and <code>systemId</code> attributes are copied.
246     * Note that the <code>deep</code> parameter has no effect on 
247     * <code>Notation</code> nodes since they never have any children.</dd>
248     * <dt>
249     * PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE</dt>
250     * <dd>The imported node copies its 
251     * <code>target</code> and <code>data</code> values from those of the 
252     * source node.</dd>
253     * <dt>TEXT_NODE, CDATA_SECTION_NODE, COMMENT_NODE</dt>
254     * <dd>These three 
255     * types of nodes inheriting from <code>CharacterData</code> copy their 
256     * <code>data</code> and <code>length</code> attributes from those of 
257     * the source node.</dd>
258     *  
259     * @param importedNodeThe node to import.
260     * @param deepIf <code>true</code>, recursively import the subtree under 
261     *   the specified node; if <code>false</code>, import only the node 
262     *   itself, as explained above. This has no effect on <code>Attr</code>
263     *   , <code>EntityReference</code>, and <code>Notation</code> nodes.
264     * @return The imported node that belongs to this <code>Document</code>.
265     * @exception DOMException
266     *   NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR: Raised if the type of node being imported is not 
267     *   supported.
268     * @since DOM Level 2
269     */
270    public Node importNode(Node importedNode, 
271                           boolean deep)
272                           throws DOMException;
273
274    /**
275     * Creates an element of the given qualified name and namespace URI. 
276     * HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.
277     * @param namespaceURIThe namespace URI of the element to create.
278     * @param qualifiedNameThe qualified name of the element type to 
279     *   instantiate.
280     * @return A new <code>Element</code> object with the following 
281     *   attributes:AttributeValue<code>Node.nodeName</code>
282     *   <code>qualifiedName</code><code>Node.namespaceURI</code>
283     *   <code>namespaceURI</code><code>Node.prefix</code>prefix, extracted 
284     *   from <code>qualifiedName</code>, or <code>null</code> if there is 
285     *   no prefix<code>Node.localName</code>local name, extracted from 
286     *   <code>qualifiedName</code><code>Element.tagName</code>
287     *   <code>qualifiedName</code>
288     * @exception DOMException
289     *   INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified qualified name 
290     *   contains an illegal character.
291     *   <br>NAMESPACE_ERR: Raised if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is 
292     *   malformed, if the <code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix and the 
293     *   <code>namespaceURI</code> is <code>null</code>, or if the 
294     *   <code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix that is "xml" and the 
295     *   <code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "
296     *   http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" .
297     * @since DOM Level 2
298     */
299    public Element createElementNS(String namespaceURI, 
300                                   String qualifiedName)
301                                   throws DOMException;
302
303    /**
304     * Creates an attribute of the given qualified name and namespace URI. 
305     * HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.
306     * @param namespaceURIThe namespace URI of the attribute to create.
307     * @param qualifiedNameThe qualified name of the attribute to instantiate.
308     * @return A new <code>Attr</code> object with the following attributes:
309     *   AttributeValue<code>Node.nodeName</code>qualifiedName
310     *   <code>Node.namespaceURI</code><code>namespaceURI</code>
311     *   <code>Node.prefix</code>prefix, extracted from 
312     *   <code>qualifiedName</code>, or <code>null</code> if there is no 
313     *   prefix<code>Node.localName</code>local name, extracted from 
314     *   <code>qualifiedName</code><code>Attr.name</code>
315     *   <code>qualifiedName</code><code>Node.nodeValue</code>the empty 
316     *   string
317     * @exception DOMException
318     *   INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified qualified name 
319     *   contains an illegal character.
320     *   <br>NAMESPACE_ERR: Raised if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is 
321     *   malformed, if the <code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix and the 
322     *   <code>namespaceURI</code> is <code>null</code>, if the 
323     *   <code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix that is "xml" and the 
324     *   <code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "
325     *   http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", or if the 
326     *   <code>qualifiedName</code> is "xmlns" and the 
327     *   <code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "
328     *   http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/".
329     * @since DOM Level 2
330     */
331    public Attr createAttributeNS(String namespaceURI, 
332                                  String qualifiedName)
333                                  throws DOMException;
334
335    /**
336     * Returns a <code>NodeList</code> of all the <code>Elements</code> with a 
337     * given local name and namespace URI in the order in which they are 
338     * encountered in a preorder traversal of the <code>Document</code> tree.
339     * @param namespaceURIThe namespace URI of the elements to match on. The 
340     *   special value "*" matches all namespaces.
341     * @param localNameThe local name of the elements to match on. The 
342     *   special value "*" matches all local names.
343     * @return A new <code>NodeList</code> object containing all the matched 
344     *   <code>Elements</code>.
345     * @since DOM Level 2
346     */
347    public NodeList getElementsByTagNameNS(String namespaceURI, 
348                                           String localName);
349
350    /**
351     * Returns the <code>Element</code> whose <code>ID</code> is given by 
352     * <code>elementId</code>. If no such element exists, returns 
353     * <code>null</code>. Behavior is not defined if more than one element 
354     * has this <code>ID</code>. The DOM implementation must have 
355     * information that says which attributes are of type ID. Attributes 
356     * with the name "ID" are not of type ID unless so defined. 
357     * Implementations that do not know whether attributes are of type ID or 
358     * not are expected to return <code>null</code>.
359     * @param elementIdThe unique <code>id</code> value for an element.
360     * @return The matching element.
361     * @since DOM Level 2
362     */
363    public Element getElementById(String elementId);
364
365}